The mycologist Paul Stamets discusses the potential extraterrestrial uses of fungi, including terraforming planets, building human habitats—and providing psilocybin therapy to astronauts — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
When the Human Genome Project reached its ambitious goal of mapping the entire human genome, it seemed the world was entering an era of personalized medicine, where evidence from our own specific genetic material would guide our care.
Arch Nemesis NASA’s Curiosity rover has found something on the surface of Mars which, in scientific language, can only be described as “absolutely awesome”: a small, naturally-formed stone arch in Gale Crater. You can spot the arch in NASA’s official photo repository , as CNET reports, but NASA-JPL engineer Kevin M. Gill stitched the images together for an even better glimpse of the strange forma
When you go to the airport, you see two kinds of security rules. Some apply equally to everyone; no one can carry weapons through the TSA checkpoint. But other protocols divide passengers into categories according to how much of a threat the government thinks they pose. If you submit to heightened scrutiny in advance, TSA PreCheck lets you go through security without taking off your shoes; a no-f
The inability to monitor water uptake inside roots—without damaging the specimen—has been a key stumbling block for researchers seeking to understand the motion of fluids in living plant cells and tissues.
First such study in the world aims to find out if Sativex combined with chemotherapy can help treat glioblastoma Cancer charities and the NHS are preparing to investigate whether a cannabis-based mouth spray can treat brain tumours and help patients to live longer. Doctors will give patients across the UK with a recurrent brain tumour called a glioblastoma the drug, which is known as Sativex, alo
After months of struggle, the U.N.-backed Covax alliance will soon have many more doses, promising relief for vaccine shortages in poorer countries. But it faces a deepening crisis: difficulties getting shots into arms as the Delta variant spreads.
Trial suggests anti-inflammatory dexamethasone may offer welcome alternative to intra-uterine system Researchers hope a steroid that shot to prominence during the Covid pandemic may help reduce blood loss in those who experience heavy periods. The cheap anti-inflammatory dexamethasone was discovered to improve survival rates among patients critically ill with Covid . It is also used for condition
In the future, when space agencies start to send human crew s deep into space to explore or terraform distant worlds, we may need to send them off with extra goodies to keep morale high. When astronauts are feeling lonely, depressed, traumatized, or just generally bad, a little pick-me-up in the form of psychedelic mushrooms could help, mycologist Paul Stamets suggested to Scientific American . I
Record Baby Last week, calamity nearly struck the International Space Station when Russia’s newly-docked Nauka module accidentally fired its thrusters and sent the space station literally spinning . Now, it seems the problem was worse than anyone admitted at the time. Initially, NASA announced that the ISS had rotated about 45 degrees away from its original position. But faced with reporting from
Children around the country have spent the past week watching American gymnasts perform dazzling feats at the Tokyo Olympics. They also watched Simone Biles step back from the team finals and all-around competition, citing concerns about her ability to participate safely. What those kids are watching is a sport, and a culture, going through a reckoning over what it takes to achieve athletic great
Researchers aim to determine optimal gap between doses as well as explore potential side-effects in more detail Coronavirus – latest updates See all our coronavirus coverage The optimal vaccination schedule to protect pregnant women against Covid-19 is to be explored in a UK clinical trial researchers hope will also allay concerns about getting the jab. Last week, Prof Jacqueline Dunkley-Bent, ch
As with elephants and orcas, worldly wisdom and childcare brings group-survival perks, research suggests Pillars of family life, the community and often the workplace, grandmothers are a crucial component of human society – now researchers say they may also play an important role among giraffes. Experts conducting a review of giraffe social behaviour say female giraffes live for about eight years
Marine experts hope the creature is on his way back to the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard After spending the summer wowing British holidaymakers – and sometimes making a nuisance of himself by accidentally sinking boats – Wally the walrus appears to be trying to head home. The British Divers Marine Life Rescue (BDMLR) said on Tuesday that Wally had departed the Isles of Scilly, where he had be
Over-reliance on tree-planting to offset carbon emissions could push food prices up 80% by 2050 Governments and businesses hoping to plant trees and restore forests in order to reach net-zero emissions must sharply limit such efforts to avoid driving up food prices in the developing world, the charity Oxfam has warned. Planting trees has been mooted as one of the key ways of tackling the climate
An immense stone that defined the sacred city limits of ancient Rome almost 2,000 years ago has been unearthed by construction workers in the historic center of the city.
Hong Kong research suggests less time outdoors and more doing ‘near work’ accelerates short-sightedness Coronavirus – latest updates See all our coronavirus coverage Spending more time indoors and on screens because of Covid restrictions may be linked to an increased rate of short-sightedness in children, researchers say. The study, which looked at two groups of children aged six to eight in Hong
State’s Delta cluster rises to 47, with nine of the new cases in school students and exposure sites in three major Brisbane hospitals Follow our Covid live blog for the latest updates Most Australians comfortable with vaccination passports for domestic travel and venues, poll reveals Some Australians turned away from getting Covid vaccine because of register errors Qld hotspots ; Queensland Covid
The cuneiform tablets and other objects had been held by the Museum of the Bible, founded by the family that owns the Hobby Lobby craft store chain, and by Cornell University.
Meteor Shower Last Saturday night, a meteor burned its way into the atmosphere and caused an explosion that appeared to light the night sky over İzmir, Turkey an eerie shade of green. Here’s a compilation of videos showing the strange event: Meteor fell on #Izmir city southern #Turkey #TurkeyNeedsHelp pic.twitter.com/C89r8A4iOF — A ز a n (@Aladdin_Hu_Me) August 2, 2021 The fireball and explosion
The first time I heard there was a problem, I was hanging out in a leather bar. A friend texted with news that Provincetown, Massachusetts, the queer beach town where I’d been vacationing, had experienced a spike of COVID-19 cases among vaccinated people. He asked about the mood in town. I looked around the room and saw burly guys—it was Bear Week—chatting over beers. I remembered what another fr
Before being mortally wounded in a duel at age 20, Évariste Galois discovered the hidden structure of polynomial equations. By studying the relationships between their solutions — rather than the solutions on their own — he created new concepts that have since become an essential part of many branches of mathematics. No one knows why Galois found himself on a Paris dueling ground early in the…
Researchers find 28 surviving viruses from 15,000 years ago inside a glacier. The viruses are not believed to be harmful to humans. The viruses could reveal insights into evolution and climate change. Researchers have found 15,000-year-old viruses in ice samples taken from the Tibetan Plateau in China, the majority of which are unlike any of the viruses currently known to science. The study, publ
Every weekday evening, our editors guide you through the biggest stories of the day, help you discover new ideas, and surprise you with moments of delight. Subscribe to get this delivered to your inbox. The pandemic has entered a new chapter. The highly contagious Delta variant is driving upticks in infections and hospitalizations . Vaccinated people are being asked to once again cover up in publ
Nauka’s errant firings were likely the result of human error—and they raise concerns about the future of the country’s space program and its partnership with NASA.
A Russian module accidentally pushed the International Space Station out of place. Now, a NASA flight director has revealed that the event was even more serious than initially reported.
White House greets vaccine news as ‘Milestone Monday’ while Japan moves to ensure it has enough hospital beds amid a spike in Covid cases US reaches Biden’s 70% first-shot goal as threat to unvaccinated people grows Hundreds of health workers in isolation as Delta hits Australian state of Queensland Johnson dumps ‘amber watchlist’ plan as it emerges top adviser has quit 7.06am BST That’s from me,
Illustration by Vahram Muradyan; images by Les Byerley / Shutterstock; QuartoMundo / CGTrader This article was published online on August 3, 2021. L ast March , just before we knew the pandemic had arrived, my husband and I enrolled our son in a progressive private school in Pasadena, California. He was 14 and, except for a year abroad, had been attending public schools his whole life. Private wa
When the U.K. dropped all coronavirus restrictions on “Freedom Day,” July 19, critics called the move a “ dangerous and unethical experiment .” Harsher critics called it “ epidemiologically stupid .” At the time, cases in the country were still rising amid a Delta-fueled spike . Then, to nearly everyone’s surprise, COVID-19 cases started falling. This suggests that Delta hit a natural peak in the
Evocative Language On Tuesday, a Chinese state media organization published an article that criticized online video games, calling for extra restrictions on the industry in order to keep children from getting addicted. The article, which compared gaming to opium for its ability to get children hooked, sent stocks of gaming titans Tencent and NetEase plummeting, NBC News reports . The article is p
A Cochrane review bolsters scientists' advice that ivermectin should not be used against the disease outside of clinical trials, while a study claiming to have found beneficial effects in patients was withdrawn following allegations of data manipulation.
For the first time, both parties have acknowledged — by their actions, if not their words — that the United States is unprepared for global warming and will need huge amounts of cash to cope.
Overall cancer rates are higher among the wealthy, finds Cancer Research UK – but smoking and its cancers are now concentrated among the poor Smoking causes almost twice as many cancer cases among the poor than the well-off, according to new findings that underline the close link between cigarettes and deprivation. About 11,247 cases of cancer caused by smoking are diagnosed among the poorest 20%
In the middle of the night on May 24, TikTok changed its voice . The ubiquitous woman’s voice that could read your video’s text out loud in a slightly stilted, robotic cadence was suddenly replaced by one with an almost smirky, upbeat tone. Many users started calling the new one the “Uncanny Valley Girl” to express their displeasure. Lil Nas X even made a TikTok about it. But what happened to the
Boeing will be aiming to get its spaceflight program back on track Tuesday with an uncrewed flight of its Starliner capsule to the International Space Station (ISS), after its last such test in 2019 ended in failure.
It's the weekend, and freshly caught fish sizzles on the grill. The view: an unforgettable beach and the cobalt blues of the Pacific Ocean in the backdrop.
Two physicists, from EPFL and Columbia University, have introduced an approach for simulating the quantum approximate optimization algorithm using a traditional computer. Instead of running the algorithm on advanced quantum processors, the new approach uses a classical machine-learning algorithm that closely mimics the behavior of near-term quantum computers.
A new study finds finance professionals fail at their jobs in a surprising way. There are lessons for all of us. (Image credit: Augusto Ordóñez/Pixabay)
The National Radio Quiet Zone limits wireless communications. But a journey to its center in Green Bank, West Virginia reveals a town at odds with itself.
Outbreak forces millions into lockdown in the sunshine state as New South Wales races to administer 6m doses amid Covid surge See all our coronavirus coverage Hundreds of critical health workers in the Australian state of Queensland have gone into isolation as the country battles a growing Delta outbreak, while New South Wales raced to administer 6m vaccine doses before the scheduled end of lockd
GeneSight is a blood test to determine which neuropsychiatric medications are indicated for an individual based on genetic analysis. The test is expensive and not likely to be helpful for most patients. The post first appeared on Science-Based Medicine .
If you're a tree, country life is much easier than city living. Rural trees—which can live long, productive lives of sometimes more than 100 years—draw on vast resources of an extensive forest network of nearby trees. In urban areas, friendly, neighboring trees can be few and far between. Heat island effects and variation in nutrient levels leave urban trees more vulnerable to natural environmenta
Our parents may have been right all those times they warned us that staring at the TV all day would fry our eyeballs. After over a year spent indoors staring at movies, TV, and video games, scientists say that near-sightedness and other vision problems are skyrocketing among children. While strained eyes entertaining oneself under lockdown are preferable to the horrors of COVID-19, doctors and sc
Kīlauea in Hawaii is the best-monitored volcano in the world. The 2018 eruption was the largest in some 200 years, providing researchers with a plethora of new data to understand the volcano's plumbing and behavior. Two new studies dig into data on volcanic tremor and deformation to better characterize the events leading up to and following the 2018 eruption.
Despite remarkable medical advances over the last years, cystic fibrosis remains the most prevalent lethal genetic disease. It is due to mutations in the CFTR protein which is normally required to maintain proper fluid balances in key organs such as lungs, pancreas or the digestive system.
Researchers from Skoltech and their colleagues from Germany and the U.S. have discovered structures responsible for the shape of bile canaliculi, a network of canals in the liver. Published in the Journal of Cell Biology, their study also reveals the gene essential for the formation of these structures, which the team compares to boat bulkheads.
The disruption of Indigenous-controlled fire use at the onset of colonization has resulted in high-severity fire activity, according to a new study by a research team at the University of Waterloo.
Researchers from the University of Bristol and University College London have used cutting-edge techniques to digitally reconstruct the skull of one of the earliest limbed animals.
I n May, I stood in the rear galley of an airplane and watched as a line formed to berate the flight attendant next to me. We were at a gate at LaGuardia, our flight half an hour delayed, and the air inside the cabin was acrid with the aromas of anxiety sweat and bags of fast food procured at the gate. Impatient passengers squeezed past others hoisting carry-ons into overhead bins to jockey for p
Illustrations depicting the dinosaur era—whether in books or movies—are often accompanied by lush greenery. During the Cretaceous period, the trees commonly dominating a wide range of Earth's terrestrial environments were conifers—similar to the pines, spruces, cypresses and cedars that populate the earth today. These conifers played a key role in ecosystems, providing nourishment, nutrients, and
Last month, billionaire after billionaire hopped into spacecraft to reach the final frontier. Shivani Dave speaks to Robert Massey, the deputy executive director at the Royal Astronomical Society, to understand what, if any, positives might come from what has been called ‘the billionaire space race’, or if the money and resources spent on space exploration should be redistributed to focus on the
Hundreds of thousands of people around the world die too soon every year because of exposure to air pollution caused by our daily use of chemical products and fuels, including paints, pesticides, charcoal and gases from vehicle tailpipes, according to a new CU Boulder-led study.
The application of manure after the growth and demise of legume cover crops in rotations is a recipe to increase nitrous oxide releases during ensuing corn growth, according to a team of Penn State researchers who conducted a new study. They suggest that innovative management strategies are needed to reduce these emissions.
U.S. Olympic heptathlete Annie Kunz says tracking her monthly cycles and learning she needs to eat more and get more naps when she's fatigued has already improved her athletic performance. (Image credit: Steph Chambers/Getty Images)
Plastics sustainability has come a long way in recent years thanks in large part to scientific advances. But even as plastics become more and more environmentally friendly, the world continues to be polluted as many industries rely on them for their widely used products.
As a result of massive summer gatherings in and around Cape Cod, hundreds of vaccinated people tested positive for COVID-19 with viral titers similar to unvaccinated patients.
A new study looked at a well-preserved fossil of an Ichthyornis that lived about 70 million years ago. The scientists compared the brain of the ancient bird to that of modern birds. Modern birds' brains are structurally different, which might have allowed them to survive the mass extinction that killed the dinosaurs. That beautiful singing bird on your fence is a descendent of dinosaurs. As all d
Boosting function of natural killer cells with magnetic nanoparticles could make cancer immunotherapy more efficient, according to a Northwestern Medicine study published in ACS Nano.
New research has resulted in the first holistic assessment of marine and land-based plastic pollution in the Southern Caribbean and some of the environmental and human factors which might influence its distribution.
A new discovery explains what determines the number and position of genetic exchanges that occur in sex cells, such as pollen and eggs in plants, or sperm and eggs in humans.
Amount of cosmic debris reaching Earth has stayed surprisingly constant in last 500m years, say scientists This month it is worth turning your eyes to the night sky to watch the spectacular Perseid meteor shower . Peak viewing time will be around 12 August, when as many as 150 meteors an hour will whizz overhead. Generated by Earth passing through the debris left behind by Comet Swift-Tuttle, the
Smartwatches are handy devices for people to keep track of the number of steps they take per day or to track their mile time during a run. But they are also opportunities for scientists to understand people's physiological processes while they are going about their everyday lives.
Bioengineers have developed a technology capable of revealing the protein-protein interactions (PPI) among thousands of proteins in a cell, in a single experiment. The tool, called PROPER-seq (protein-protein interaction sequencing), allows researchers to map the PPI network from their cells of interest within several weeks, without any specialized resources such as antibodies or pre-made gene lib
A key element to slowing metastasis in ovarian cancer is understanding the mechanisms of how tumor cells invade tissues. Biophysics researchers explain how microscopic defects in how healthy cells line up can alter how easily ovarian cancer cells invade tissue. Using an experimental model, the group found that disruptions in the normal cellular layout, called topological defects, affect the rate o
The plan's signatories seek to make the results of their funded research available to all, but some scientists say the transition to open access has led to climbing publication fees and could exacerbate global disparities.
Building your dream gaming setup? These limited-time gaming deals have everything you need to outfit your battle station, from headsets to controllers. They’re all 15% off when you use code ANNUAL15, but grab them while you can. These deals are only available for a limited time! HCG1 Pro Gaming Headset Pictured above, the HCG1 is compatible with every gaming setup, from consoles to high-end PCs.
An analysis concludes that pigments were transported into the cave, and the marks were made with intention, though their ultimate meaning remains unknown.
Researchers propose that some of the planet’s earliest photosynthesizers benefited from a slowing of the Earth’s rotation that allowed them to produce a surplus of oxygen and paved the way for more complex life.
Hundreds of firefighters, water-bombing planes and helicopters battled forest fires near Athens on Tuesday that saw villages evacuated and part of a major motorway closed, officials said.
A single molecule contains a wealth of information. It includes not only the number of each kind of constituent atom, but also how they're arranged and how they attach to each other. And during chemical reactions, that information determines the outcome and becomes transformed. Molecules collide, break apart, reassemble, and rebuild in predictable ways.
Satellite tracking of water vapor, critical for accurate forecasts, may be foiled by cellphone tower transmissions — Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
Imagining a song triggers similar brain activity as moments of silence in music, according to new research. The results reveal how the brain continues responding to music, even when none is playing, and provide new insights into how human sensory predictions work.
Researchers report on a multinational, early phase clinical trial evaluating a new targeted therapy for patients with metastatic or unresectable non-small cell lung cancer who have a specific genetic mutation: EGFR Ex20Ins.
Nature, Published online: 02 August 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-02121-5 Eruptions of Santorini volcano, which created the Greek island of the same name, are linked to drops in sea level.
Photos of a person’s living space can accurately point at personality traits and the mood of the people who live there, especially as a person gets older, according to a new study. For the study, researchers studied 286 people over the age of 65. They took photographs of the rooms where the subjects spent the most time (typically the living room) and found that certain characteristics of a person
When we speak, we use our auditory and somatosensory systems to monitor the results of the movements of our tongue or lips. Since we cannot typically see our own faces and tongues while we speak, however, the potential role of visual feedback has remained less clear. Researchers explore how readily speakers will integrate visual information about their tongue movements during a speech motor learni
Scientists have extensively studied how gastric juices in the stomach break down ingested food and other substances. However, less is known about how complex flow patterns and mechanical stresses in the stomach contribute to digestion. Researchers built a prototype of an artificial antrum to present a deeper understanding of how physical forces influence food digestion based on fluid dynamics. The
A new study found a 68% increase in overdose events and a doubling of mental health crises among patients who were on stable opioid therapy but had their doses tapered.
A team of scientists has uncovered a system in the brain used in the processing of information and in the storing of memories — akin to how railroad switches control a train's destination.
Paleobotanists describe two new genera of ancient conifers based on two beautifully preserved 3-D fossil seed cones. These new conifers belong to the cypress family, which was important in many ecosystems during the age of dinosaurs.
Researchers have made new findings which provide a broader understanding of how dormant hematopoietic stem cells are activated and could pave the way towards therapeutic treatments for a number of cancers.
For more than 25 years, the Advanced Photon Source's intense X-rays have enabled important breakthroughs. With a massive upgrade in the works, scientists will be able to see things at scale never seen before.
New research may put to rest a theory that water lies under the south polar cap of Mars. A form of clay called smectites may account for the bright radar reflections under the south polar cap of Mars, the researchers report. The science community has long been skeptical of the water theory, specifically that a lake or any other body of water, existed at the bottom of the Mars polar cap, says Isaa
Nature, Published online: 03 August 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-02125-1 Daily recorded infections have more than halved since mid-July. Few researchers anticipated such a sharp decline, and they are now struggling to interpret it.
Viruses modulate mitochondrial processes during infection to increase biosynthetic precursors and energy output, fueling virus replication. In a surprising fashion, although it triggers mitochondrial fragmentation, the prevalent pathogen human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) increases mitochondrial metabolism through a yet-unknown mechanism. Here, we integrate molecular virology, metabolic assays, quantita
Recently, the interest in charged polymers has been rapidly growing due to their uses in energy storage and transfer devices. Yet, polymer electrolyte-based devices are not on the immediate horizon because of the low ionic conductivity. In the present study, we developed a methodology to enhance the ionic conductivity of…
Astrocytes Play Important Roles in MS Pathology Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) associated with the destruction of oligodendrocyte-produced myelin, which results in neuron and oligodendrocyte loss (1, 2). The dysregulated activity of cells of the adaptive immune system, specifically T cells and…
Sleep loss disrupts consolidation of hippocampus-dependent memory. To characterize effects of learning and sleep loss, we quantified activity-dependent phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 (pS6) across the dorsal hippocampus of mice. We find that pS6 is enhanced in dentate gyrus (DG) following single-trial contextual fear conditioning (CFC) but is reduced throughout…
Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a common cause of localized respiratory tract disease and results in significant morbidity. The pathogenesis of NTHi disease begins with nasopharyngeal colonization, and therefore, the prevention of colonization represents a strategy to prevent disease. The NTHi HMW1 and HMW2 proteins are a family of conserved…
Lysosomes degrade excess or damaged cellular components and recycle their building blocks through membrane transporters. They also act as nutrient-sensing signaling hubs to coordinate cell responses. The membrane protein PQ-loop repeat-containing protein 2 (PQLC2; “picklock two”) is implicated in both functions, as it exports cationic amino acids from lysosomes and…
There is interest in understanding the mechanisms that underlie reports that patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remain PCR positive many weeks after initial infection. The recent paper by Zhang et al. (1) suggests a potential explanation of this phenomenon by claiming that SARS-CoV-2 RNA can…
Our paper (1) draws two conclusions:1)SARS-CoV-2 sequences can integrate into the genome of infected cells that either overexpress (tables 1 and 2 of ref. 1) or do not overexpress (figure 2F of ref. 1) LINE1 by a LINE1-mediated retroposition mechanism.2)We have identified large fractions of chimeric RNAs derived from negative-strand…
Researchers identified an inhibitor that showed promise against metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. From there, they continued to untangle the web to discover multiple levels of cellular processes that were preventing the immune system from mounting a response. Break past them with this inhibitor and suddenly what's considered an immune cold tumor turns red hot.
For over a decade, researchers have known that the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans can detect and avoid short-wavelength light, despite lacking eyes and the light-absorbing molecules required for sight. As a graduate student in the Horvitz lab, Nikhil Bhatla proposed an explanation for this ability. He observed that light exposure not only made the worms wriggle away, but it also prompted them to
Earth is surrounded by a system of magnetic fields, called the magnetosphere. The magnetosphere shields our home planet from harmful solar and cosmic particle radiation, but it can change shape in response to incoming space weather from the Sun. Credit: NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio A constant outflow of solar material streams out from the Sun, depicted here in an artist's rendering. Thi
Upward mobility, the capacity to improve one’s socioeconomic status, is key to realizing the American dream of a long, prosperous, and happy life, researchers say. In a new study, they found a strong relationship between the lack of upward mobility early in life and increased mortality rates in young adults, particularly among Black males. The study in the journal Health & Place is the first to e
Millions of army ants occasionally stream out of their nest in a coordinated hunting swarm, seeking prey to devour. How this extraordinary mass raiding behavior evolved has long been a mystery, until now.
In a new paper, researchers describe cell and animal studies that demonstrate how lipid modifications of remdesivir nucleoside can improve drug delivery, effectiveness and toxicity compared to remdesivir.
A United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket with Boeing’s CST-100 Starliner spacecraft onboard is seen as it is rollout out of the Vertical Integration Facility to the launch pad at Space Launch Complex 41 ahead of the Orbital Flight Test mission, Wednesday, Dec. 18, 2019 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida. The Orbital Flight Test with be Starliner’s maiden mission to the International Sp
A polar bear in Greenland may be shot dead next time it endangers people after several close encounters, including one where it bit the hand of a documentary team member, authorities said.
Roaring blazes encircled a Turkish thermal power plant Tuesday and forced farmers to herd panicked cattle toward the sea as wildfires that have killed eight people raged on for a seventh day.
A new study details the structure of a critical enzyme present in SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus that causes COVID-19. This enzyme removes nucleoside antiviral medications from the virus's RNA, rendering many treatments ineffective. Scientists could use data uncovered in the new study to find ways to inhibit the enzyme, possibly leading to more effective treatments.
Research has shown that a music-related hobby boosts language skills and affects the processing of speech in the brain. According to a new study, the reverse also happens — learning foreign languages can affect the processing of music in the brain.
A new study published today in Global Change Biology provides valuable new data that highlights how species extinction risk is accelerating due to rapid climate change and an increase in extreme climate events, such as glacial calving and sea ice loss. The study, led by Stephanie Jenouvrier, associate scientist, and seabird ecologist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, and co-authored by an i
Researchers from The Pennsylvania State University and the University of South Carolina published a new paper in the Journal of Marketing that examines a digital marketing campaign's impact on improving low consumer recall completion rates.
A social enterprise in California makes their franchises affordable with low interest loans and guaranteed salaries. The loans are backed by charitable foundations. If scaled up, the model could support tens of thousands of entrepreneurs who are currently financially incapable of entering franchise agreements. The underdog challenging McDonald’s & Wall Street | Hard Reset by Freethink www.youtube
Only 17 percent of live coral cover remains on fore-reefs in Belize. A study finds new evidence that nitrogen enrichment from land-based sources like agriculture run-off and sewage, are significantly driving macroalgal blooms to increase on the Belize Barrier Reef and causing massive decline in hard coral cover. With only 2 percent of hard coral cover remaining in the Florida Keys National Marine
A new study found a significant association between cholesterol-lowering drugs commonly known as statins and survival rates of triple-negative breast cancer patients. Since statins are low in cost, easy to access and produce minimal side effects, this could have an important impact on outcomes for this aggressive disease.
A new analysis of the 2018 collapse of Kīlauea volcano’s caldera helps to confirm current ideas about how friction works on earthquake faults. The model quantifies the conditions necessary to start the kind of caldera collapse that sustains big, damaging eruptions of basaltic volcanoes like Kīlauea and could help to inform forecasting and mitigation. On April 30, 2018, on the eastern flank of Haw
Gamification is the process of incorporating elements of video games into a business, organization, or system, with the goal of boosting engagement or performance. Gamified personal finance apps aim to help people make better financial decisions, often by redirecting destructive financial behaviors (like playing the lottery) toward positive outcomes. Still, gamification has its risks, and scienti
The word is out on gaming—it's not just something that children do for fun anymore. Games are tools that can be used to teach new skills, reduce stress, and even change behaviors by triggering chemical reactions in the brain. These benefits and more have provided scientists and developers with a promising path forward. "Games reduce the stress of making decisions," says neuroscientist and profess
If you feel like life is more overwhelming than ever, know that you’re not alone. On average, during the pandemic, about 4 in 10 Americans have reported symptoms of anxiety or depressive disorder , up from 1 in 10 adults who reported symptoms like these in 2019. However, studies have found introducing a mindfulness and meditation practice has the potential to be a low-cost, beneficial way to mana
The study of the orogenic effects of the Tibetan Plateau uplift on global climate during the Cenozoic has focused almost exclusively on the India-Asia collision zone, the Himalayas. The strong erosion in the Himalayas was assumed to be a primary driver of Cenozoic atmospheric CO2 decline and global cooling predominantly through accelerating silicate chemical weathering in the India-Asia collision
Millimeter wave (mmWave) communications have attracted extensive interest from academia, industry, and government as they can make full use of abundant frequency resources at the high-frequency band to achieve ultra-high-speed data transmission. The mmWave communication systems are usually equipped with large antenna arrays, known as mmWave massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), to generat
Boeing delayed an uncrewed flight of its Starliner capsule to the International Space Station (ISS) on Tuesday over a propulsion issue, pushing back by at least a day a key test it last attempted in 2019.
As all the recent news about protein folding should make clear, there are a lot of ways for any given protein sequence to come together into a three-dimensional structure. For that phrase “a lot”, substitute “a larger number than the human mind can possibly comprehend”, and you’ll be about right. Biologically, many proteins already display a bias towards folding in the correct manner, and they’re
Users banned from social platforms go elsewhere with increased toxicity, according to a new study featuring researchers from Binghamton University, State University of New York.
Bent concrete beams, cracks on the undersides of bridges, risk of rust for the reinforcement: In Switzerland, many structures are getting on in years. Take national roads, for example: According to the 2019 report of the Federal Roads Office (FEDRO), a large proportion of bridges were built between the mid-1960s to the 1980s—with significantly lower traffic loads than today.
Water authorities will be turning to Melburnians to help with a novel system of 'smart' rainwater tanks and urban lakes that can provide crucial water to support platypus habitat when it's most needed—just before the breeding season.
A less invasive optogenetic device takes researchers a step closer to new treatments for chronic pain, depression, epilepsy, and more. Everything that happens in the brain is a result of neurons sending and receiving signals in complex networks that are not completely understood by scientists. These networks are what allow us to pick up a cup of coffee, laugh at a joke, or stand up from a chair.
As COVID-19 spread, BioNTech cofounders Uğur Şahin and Özlem Türeci had one goal: to make a safe, effective vaccine faster than ever before. In this illuminating conversation with head of TED Chris Anderson, the immunologists (and married couple) share the fascinating story of how their decades of mRNA research powered the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine — and forecast what this breakthrough science coul
In 1842, Charles Darwin described the Belize Barrier Reef as "the most remarkable reef in the West Indies." Fast forward to 2021, only about 17 percent of live coral cover remains on fore-reefs in Belize. Overfishing, resulting in reduced grazing of algae, has long been blamed for adversely impacting this globally significant ecosystem along the Caribbean coast of Central America. Designated in pa
A study provides new data on potential aetiological mechanisms that are linked with dementia caused by diseases, such as Alzheimer's and vascular dementia.
A new discovery explains what determines the number and position of genetic exchanges that occur in sex cells, such as pollen and eggs in plants, or sperm and eggs in humans.
A team of researchers from the University of Hong Kong and one from Oxford University has found that people who live in the denser parts of U.K. cities tend to be lonelier than people living in more open areas. In their paper published in the journal Landscape and Urban Planning, the group describes their study of health data for people in the U.K. and what they found.
In a finding that will give theorists plenty to ponder, an all-RIKEN team has observed an unexpected response in an exotic material known as a Mott insulator when they injected electrons into it. This observation promises to give physicists new insights into such materials, which are closely related to high-temperature superconductors.
In the latest of ongoing efforts to expand technologies for modifying genes and their expression, researchers in the lab of Neville Sanjana at New York University (NYU) and the New York Genome Center (NYGC) have developed chemically modified guide RNAs for a CRISPR system that targets RNA instead of DNA. These chemically modified guide RNAs significantly enhance the ability to target—trace, edit,
Stream Street Outlaws: Memphis on discovery+ ► https://www.discoveryplus.com/show/street-outlaws-memphis About Street Outlaws: Memphis: Street Outlaws is traveling to the toughest, meanest and wildest streets in the South, as it heads to Memphis to spotlight JJ Da Boss and his team of family and friends who have been racing together for decades. Subscribe to Discovery: http://bit.ly/SubscribeDisc
The dose makes the poison. That’s the central tenet of pharmacology. Even salt can kill you if you take too little or too much. The one transformative treatment that hasn’t followed this rule? Gene therapy. It’s not that gene therapy was designed to be a rule-breaker, but until now, scientists haven’t been able to effectively control its strength. Once unleashed into the body, the treatment repla
Interactions between white-tailed deer fawns and predators suggest people aren’t the only ones to feel burnout. Prey animals feel it, too. “And you can understand why they do,” says Asia Murphy, who recently graduated with a doctorate from Penn State’s Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Ecology. “Less than half of whitetail fawns live to see their first birthday, and many are killed by preda
Researchers have developed a powerful miniature brain platform to study the mechanistic causes of Alzheimer's disease and to test dementia drugs in development.
I returned to The Atlantic ’s New York offices a few weeks ago. Our company is still several months away from expecting employees to officially return, so I’ve been coming in only sporadically. The experience of knocking my fob against the sensor and walking through the glass doors lacked the ceremony I’d imagined for the better part of the previous year. No one else was there. The snack area was
Kan mikrobølgestråler erstatte det dyre brændstof, som rumraketter i dag sendes op med? Det har et hold japanske forskere undersøgt med et nyt eksperiment, hvor de har forbedret deres tidligere metode.
Quantum information could be behind the next technological revolution. By analogy with the bit in classical computing, the qubit is the basic element of quantum computing. However, demonstrating the existence of this information storage unit and using it remains complex, and hence limited. In a study published on 3 August 2021 in Physical Review X, an international research team consisting of CNRS
Over 17,000 looted ancient artifacts recovered from the United States and other countries were handed over to Iraq's Culture Ministry on Tuesday, a restitution described by the government as the largest in the country's history.
Researchers have discovered that a cellular phenomenon called cryptic transcription, which had been previously described and linked to aging in yeasts and worms, is also involved in mammalian aging. They also discovered a mechanism that triggers the phenomenon in mammals.
A lush canopy is a defining feature of most of the planet's forests. But canopy-forming species can be particularly vulnerable to disturbances and environmental change. So the question is: What is a forest without its trees?
The origin and date of appearance of prehistoric cave art are the subjects of ongoing debate. Spain's Cueva de Ardales is one point of discussion. There a flowstone formation is stained red in places. This coloring is apparently almost 65,000 years old but until now, a part of the scientific community attributed it to a natural coating of iron oxide deposited by flowing water. However, that hypoth
Researchers have now developed a non-invasive method to help diagnose celiac disease and which uses saliva. This research has shown that it is possible to considerably reduce the number of endoscopies, which are currently carried out via a non-invasive method of diagnosis.
Clinicians frequently order preoperative urinalyses for patients scheduled to undergo many common procedures. A new study finds that nearly nine out of 10 of preoperative urinalyses are unnecessary. Overuse of low-value screening test wastes money, can harm patients and may contribute to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance.
Six weeks of physical exercise led to changes in the epigenetic information of skeletal muscle cells in young men. These changes took place in areas of the genome that have been linked to disease. Scientists say their research shows how exercise remodels DNA in skeletal muscle, so that new signals are established to keep the body healthy.
In March 2020, 83,000 New Jersey residents who had been ineligible to vote became eligible when a new law took effect restoring voting rights for people on parole or probation who had previously been convicted of felonies.
NASA's first spacecraft to explore the Trojan asteroids arrived Friday, July 30, at the agency's Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. It is now in a cleanroom at nearby Astrotech, ready to begin final preparations for its October launch.
A Japanese research group developed a technology termed Photo-Isolation Chemistry (PIC) and successfully detected genes acting in very small cell populations and in intracellular microstructures by photoirradiation.
Field stations and marine laboratories (FSMLs) serve as great drivers of research, monitoring, and learning about our world. However, FSMLs across the globe are facing major cutbacks and even closure due to COVID-19 pandemic-driven budget cuts. UConn's Gene E. Likens and David L. Wagner, professors in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, have written an editorial in Science outlinin
With Ontario elementary and secondary schools looking at a full return to in-person learning this September, the burden of keeping them open should not just fall on the school boards, according to global education expert Prachi Srivastava.
Both chemical fertilizers and cover crops can help build the nitrogen content in soil. But cover crops come with many other benefits, like improving soil structure and boosting beneficial microbes.
Nature, Published online: 03 August 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-02093-6 By pushing fluorescent proteins further into the red, bioengineers are expanding the palette and penetration depth of biological imaging.
Nature, Published online: 03 August 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-02111-7 Programme awarded $US50 million in rapid grants and highlights limitations in existing scientific-funding mechanisms.
Machine learning techniques may help scientists better understand the intricate chemistry of streams and monitor broader environmental conditions, according to a team of researchers.
Captured by the Copernicus Sentinel-3 mission on 30 July 2021, this image shows smoke billowing from several fires along the southern coast of Turkey. Turkey has been battling deadly wildfires since last week. Over the weekend, tourists and local residents had to be evacuated from Bodrum and Marmaris, with some fleeing by boat as the flames crept closer to the shoreline. Southeast Europe is curren
After so many smoke-filled summers and record-setting burns, residents of Western North America are no strangers to wildfires. Still, many questions are circulating about why forest fires are becoming larger and more severe—and what can be done about it.
A lot of people have noticed that the self-driving car revolution has been…delayed. For the last decade predictions of when the technology would be ready for mass adoption were converging on the 2020s, beginning early in the decade. In this 2010 article , the prediction was – at least 8 years. Also , “US Secretary of Transportation Anthony Foxx declared in 2016 that we’d have fully autonomous car
New research suggests how to conserve rough-nosed horned lizards, which live only in Sri Lankan rainforests. Characterized by the prominent horn in males, rough-nosed horned lizards ( Ceratophora aspera ) live in moist, humid microhabitats in rainforests and palm groves. These lizards are a good example of the consequences of rainforest habitat destruction, climate change, and the pet trade, as t
As communism imploded in 1989, the American political scientist Francis Fukuyama asked if liberal democracy was "the end of history," being the form all societies were destined to take. The past decades have suggested not. Illiberal democracies and hybrid democratic-authoritarian regimes continue to emerge.
You may have seen the before-and-after-lockdown photos of major cities that appear to show dramatic changes in air quality. In one, the India Gate war memorial in New Delhi is barely visible amid the smog. Then, during lockdown, it's clearly visible in its red Bharatpur stone grandness.
NUS biologists have discovered the mechanism of how light regulates stomatal production on the leaf surface, a process critical for the adaptation and fitness of plants.
Over the past year, a noticeable portion of MAGA world has been removed from mainstream social-media platforms or inspired to decamp to newer, more permissive sites such as Parler, Gab, MeWe, and Rumble. These alternative platforms are not known for their tough content moderation or for providing a great user experience; however, they are not exactly the dark web, either. You or I can easily look
Many scientists are likely to be invited for media appearances in the run up to COP26, the international negotiations on global heating that will take place in Glasgow in November 2021. Journalists will ask climate scientists to help place the talks in context and to discuss the value of particular options for reducing emissions, or to explain how climate change may have contributed to particular
The human brain holds the secret to our unique personalities. But did you know that it can also form the basis of highly efficient computing devices? Researchers from Nagoya University, Japan, recently showed how to do this, through graphene-diamond junctions that mimic some of the human brain's functions.
New research may clarify how much hydration is necessary during different stages of pregnancy. Water needs increase during pregnancy to support fetal development and maternal health, however little is known about the relationship between hydration status and outcomes on both mother and child. A study recently examined the hydration status of pregnant women, the effect of a behavioral intervention
Wales could face public water supply challenges and lower hydro power generation potential in the future according to new research. The findings of a recently published study conducted by Bangor University researchers, as part of the ERDF funded Dŵr Uisce project, shows that water availability in Wales will become more seasonal under future climate change.
The more we learn about the past, the more we come to understand that ancient societies share some striking similarities to our own. From the first waves of migration out of Africa to the Ancestral Pueblo, the peoples of the past created art, migrated to new lands, fought wars, raised families, and exploited natural resources for housing, food, and tools—just like we do. With the help of a powerfu
Research from the School of Biosciences and the University of Manchester has uncovered an essential mechanism coordinating the processes of cell division and adhesion within humans. This discovery has profound potential for advancing understanding of cell adhesion signaling in cancerous tumor progression and metastasis.
New research by UTS economist Associate Professor David Goldbaum suggests influential leaders emerge from an evolutionary social process that has less to do with skills and talent than we might think.
Nature, Published online: 03 August 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-02089-2 As women’s soccer, rugby and other sports gain popularity, scientists are racing to understand how the female brain responds to head injury.
In addition to being freighted with hardship, the American immigrant experience is occasionally hilarious. Misunderstandings, wonky translations, and cultural exchanges gone wrong are inevitable fodder for comedy—the question is who gets to enjoy the punch line. In her book Minor Feelings , the Korean American poet Cathy Park Hong describes humor as potentially liberating for the Asian immigrant,
PLUS. Ekspert trækker paralleller til Boeing 737 Max-problemer, efter at en automatiseret motornedlukning overraskede piloter på en Airbus 220 fra Air Baltic.
More than 5,000 kilometres beneath us, Earth's solid metal inner core wasn't discovered until 1936 . Almost a century later, we're still struggling to answer basic questions about when and how it first formed. These aren't easy puzzles to solve. We can't directly sample the inner core, so the key to unravelling its mysteries lies in collaboration between seismologists , who indirectly sample it w
Nature Communications, Published online: 03 August 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24892-1 Outdoor air pollution contributes to millions of deaths worldwide yet air pollution has differential exposures across racial/ethnic groups and socioeconomic status. While green infrastructure has the potential to decrease air pollution and provide other benefits to human health, vegetation alone cannot resolve
Nature Communications, Published online: 03 August 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24531-9 Bound states in superconducting vortices are expected to exhibit an electron-hole asymmetry, but it is usually tiny and can be easily washed out. Here, the authors show that the vortex bound states coupling to magnetic impurities provides an axial electron-hole asymmetry on a much longer scale, and that the di
Nature Communications, Published online: 03 August 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-25046-z Appropriate triboelectric material selection is vital to for high performance direct current triboelectric nanogenerator (DC-TENG). The authors here provide effective selection rules as guideline to select triboelectric materials for DC-TENG to reduce the trial-and-error cost for DC-TENG’s research.
Nature Communications, Published online: 03 August 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24965-1 In Gram-negative bacteria, lipoproteins are transported from the inner membrane (IM) to the outer membrane (OM) by the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter LolCDE. Here the authors present cryo-EM structures of nanodisc-embedded LolCDE in different states, providing mechanistic insight into the transport mec
Nature Communications, Published online: 03 August 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24885-0 How being a “morning person” or “evening person” affects human cognition and brain physiology is not well understood. Here the authors show evidence of an association of chronotype with cognitive functions and related physiological parameters.
Nature Communications, Published online: 03 August 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-25008-5 Despite advances on fabrication of stretchable interconnects, realizing functional electronics with integrated solid-state technology (SST) remains a challenge. Here, the authors report a reversible Pol-Gel transition method for fabrication of liquid-metal based, chip-integrated, printed stretchable circuits.
Nature Communications, Published online: 03 August 2021; doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24821-2 Here, the authors show structural, biochemical, and functional insights into the discovery of epichaperome‐ directed chemical probes for use in central nervous system diseases. Probes emerging from this work have translated to human clinical studies in Alzheimer’s disease and cancer.
In the wake of the 2020 wildfire season, the California Energy Commission proposed state building standards that require “electric ready” equipment and encourage electric heating rather than the use of natural gas. If regulators approve the new code, it will be another first-in-the-nation state standard.
Satellitbilleder afslører, at positionerne for skibe fra en lang række landes flåder har været spoofet i AIS-systemet. Blandt andre europæiske og amerikanske skibe er ramt.
A TED conference under the theme "The Case for Optimism" on Monday threw down the gauntlet for a return to face-to-face gatherings, despite the daunting challenges of the coronavirus pandemic, climate change and deep political divides.
The slender, bushy-tailed Sierra Nevada red fox will be listed as an endangered species, federal wildlife officials announced Monday, saying its population has dipped to just 40 animals in area of California stretching from Lake Tahoe to south of Yosemite National Park.
Urgent conservation measures are needed to save a Critically Endangered species of chameleon which has been found clinging to survival in patches of rainforest in Malawi.
Today we bring you a new episode in our podcast series: COVID, Quickly. Every two weeks, Scientific American ’s senior health editors Tanya Lewis and Josh Fischman catch you up on the essential developments in the pandemic: from vaccines to new variants and everything in between. You can listen to all past episodes here .
Panpsychists look at the many rungs on the complexity ladder of nature and see no obvious line between mind and no-mind. Illustration by Yurchanka Siarhei / Shutterstock Last year, the cover of New Scientist ran the headline, “Is the Universe Conscious?” Mathematician and physicist Johannes Kleiner, at the Munich Center for Mathematical Philosophy in Germany, told author Michael Brooks that a mat
How will we ever get to a world where drones can make deliveries or even transport people like you see in futuristic pictures? Been thinking about this for a while just because it seems like a huge threat to every country’s national security. Would it all have to be mapped like airplanes?Not sure if this is the right sub but I’d love to hear anyone’s thoughts… thx submitted by /u/jarovo [link] [c
Last month, billionaire after billionaire hopped into spacecraft to reach the final frontier. Shivani Dave speaks to Robert Massey, the deputy executive director at the Royal Astronomical Society, to understand what, if any, positives might come from what has been called ‘the billionaire space race’, or if the money and resources spent on space exploration should be redistributed to focus on the c
PLUS. Ny urintest giver sikkerhed for, at der ikke er snydt med dopingprøver. Ideen kommer fra Anti Doping Danmark som en løsning på udfordringen med at holde afstand under corona.
A new study points to a strong 'edge effect' in marine protected areas (MPAs), sharply reducing by 60 percent the fish population living up to 1 – 1.5 km within the MPA. This significantly diminishes the effectiveness of the MPA. Most of the damage stems from fishing pressure around the MPAs.
Researchers have developed a simplified mathematical model (step-loading model, SLM) that unifies two earlier mechanisms to describe the velocity jump in crack propagation. Through SLM, they showed that the near-tip mechanical behavior observed from one analysis is derived from the dynamic glass transition at the crack tip described in another proposal, thus merging the two distinct analyses, and
This month is IPCC month – the Sixth Assessment Report from Working Group 1 is out on Monday August 9. We’ll have some detailed comments once it’s out, but in the meantime, feel free to speculate widely (always considering that IPCC is restricted to assessing existing literature…). Open thread – please stick to climate science topics. The post first appeared on RealClimate .
Nature, Published online: 02 August 2021; doi:10.1038/d41586-021-02108-2 People who received a short ‘nudge’ by mobile phone were more likely to get a jab than were those who did not.
When we fixate an object, its image does not appear at the place where photoreceptors are packed most densely. Instead, its position is shifted slightly nasally and upwards from the cellular peak. Researchers observed such offsets in both eyes of 20 healthy subjects, and speculate that the underlying fixation behavior improves overall vision.
Researchers thought 30 years ago that they just introduced some Glanville fritillary butterfly larvae on a small island in the Åland islands, Finland. Little did they know that within the butterfly larvae there nested two other insect species and a bacterial symbiont. This created a unique opportunity to study how a local accidental introduction of insects can affect the dynamics and genetics of t
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